Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner (SANE) A Practice Exam

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When should sample collection occur after a sexual assault?

Within the first 24 hours
As soon as possible, ideally within five days
Upon the victim's request
Only when law enforcement is present

The correct answer is: As soon as possible, ideally within five days

Sample collection after a sexual assault should occur as soon as possible, ideally within five days. This timeframe is critical because the likelihood of collecting viable evidence decreases over time due to factors such as bodily processes and environmental exposure. Collecting evidence promptly enhances the chances of identifying potential DNA, blood, or other forms of evidence that can aid in the investigation and prosecution of the assault. Collecting samples within this window is also essential for the victim's medical care, including the prevention of sexually transmitted infections and unintended pregnancies. Prompt collection allows for appropriate medical treatment and supports the victim in their healing process. While the first 24 hours are often emphasized due to the fresh nature of evidence, extending the window to five days allows for flexibility in situations where immediate collection may not be feasible. This approach also respects the agency of the victim and their unique circumstance, while ensuring that critical evidence is preserved as much as possible.